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Gotarzes II of Parthia
Gotarzes II of Parthia ( ''Gōtarz'', ''Gōtarzēs''; flourished 1st century) was a Prince of Iranian ancestry. He ruled the Parthian Empire as King intermittently between about 40 to 51. He was one of the sons of Artabanus III. When his father died in 38 and his brother Vardanes I succeeded to the throne, Gotarzes II rebelled.
==Origins==
Little is known on the early life of Gotarzes II, prior to becoming King of Parthia. Although Gotarzes II was a son of Artabanus III, it is unknown whether if he was a biological or adoptive son of his. Josephus calls Gotarzes II as a brother of Vologases I.〔Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, 20.3.4〕 Tacitus does not explicitly describe Gotarzes II as a son of Artabanus III. However considers him as a Parthian Usurper who was responsible for the murder of his brother, Artabanus and his family.〔Tacitus, Annals, 6, 8-9〕 The Roman sources are obscure on his background however surviving evidence reveals a lot more about the origins of Gotarzes II.
An inscription on a rock relief that was discovered by Rawlinson Sarpul-I-Zohab on a main road in Iranian Kurdistan, introduces him as ''Gotarzes, son of Gev''.〔Verstandig, ''History of the Parthian Empire (-250 – 227)", p.p.251-252〕 From this inscription, Gotarzes II has been considered as a son of a Hyrcanian nobleman called Gev who served as a Satrap in that region, whose son was adopted by Artabanus III during his exile in recognition of a debt that his father had to Artabanus III, so that Gotarzes II would become an adopted Parthian Royal Prince.〔Verstandig, ''History of the Parthian Empire (-250 – 227)", p.p.251-252〕 When Gotarzes II served as Parthian King, he called himself as a son of Artabanus III, as known from a surviving coin calling him, ''Arsaces, king of kings, called Gotarzes, son of Artabanos''.〔(Ptolemaic Genealogy: Tryphaena, Footnote 13 )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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